COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy: coverage and safety. Additional COVID-NET methods for determining vaccination status have been described previously. Rates are calculated using the CDC National Center for Health Statistics vintage 2020 bridged-race postcensal population estimates for the counties included in surveillance. adjudicated chart reviews. J. Med. During the Omicron dominant period, receipt of 2 doses during pregnancy reduced the risk of the infant testing SARS-CoV-2 positive by 21% (95% CI: 21, 48) during the first 2 months of life, 14% (95% CI: 8, 32) during the first 4 months of life, and 13% (95% CI: 3, 26) during the first 6 months of life (Table2). Arthur Reingold, Jeremy Roland, Ashley Coates, California Emerging Infections Program, Oakland, California; Breanna Kawasaki, Rachel Herlihy, Isaac Armistead, Madelyn Lensing, Jordan Surgnier, Sarah McLafferty, Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment; Ann Basting, Tessa Carter, Maria Correa, Daewi Kim, Carol Lyons, Hazhia Sorosindi, Connecticut Emerging Infections Program, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut; Emily Fawcett, Katelyn Ward, Jana Manning, Asmith Joseph, Allison Roebling, Chandler Surell, Stephanie Lehman, Taylor Eisenstein, Suzanne Segler, Grayson Kallas, Marina Bruck, Rayna Ceaser, Annabel Patterson, Sabrina Hendrick, Johanna Hernandez, Hope Wilson, School of Medicine, Emory University, Georgia Emerging Infections Program, Georgia Department of Public Health, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Foundation for Atlanta Veterans Education and Research, Atlanta, Georgia; Jim Collins, Shannon Johnson, Justin Henderson, Sue Kim, Alexander Kohrman, Lauren Leegwater, Val Tellez Nunez, Sierra Peguies-Khan, Michigan Department of Health and Human Services; Kayla Bilski, Kristen Ehresmann, Richard Danila, Jake Garfin, Grace Hernandez, Kieu My Phi, Ruth Lynfield, Sara Vetter, Xiong Wang, Minnesota Department of Health; Daniel M. Sosin, Susan L. Ropp, Sunshine Martinez, Jasmyn Sanchez, Cory Cline, Melissa Judson, Florent Nkouaga, Mark Montoya, New Mexico Department of Health; Sarah Lathrop, Kathy M. Angeles, Yadira Salazar-Sanchez, Sarah A. Khanlian, Nancy Eisenberg, Dominic Rudin, Sarah Shrum Davis, Mayvilynne Poblete, Emily B. Hancock, Francesca Pacheco, New Mexico Emerging Infections Program; Yassir Talha, Celina Chavez, Jennifer Akpo, Alesia Reed, Murtada Khalifa, CDC Foundation, New Mexico Department of Health; Suzanne McGuire, Kerianne Engesser, Nancy Spina, Adam Rowe, New York State Department of Health; Sophrena Bushey, Virginia Cafferky, Maria Gaitan, Christine Long, Thomas Peer, Kevin Popham, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York; Julie Freshwater, Denise Ingabire-Smith, Ann Salvator, Rebekah Sutter, Ohio Department of Health; Sam Hawkins, Public Health Division, Oregon Health Authority; Tiffanie Markus, Katie Dyer, Karen Leib, Terri McMinn, Danielle Ndi, Gail Hughett, Emmanuel Sackey, Kathy Billings, Anise Elie, Manideepthi Pemmaraju, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Amanda Carter, Andrea George, Andrew Haraghey, Ashley Swain, Caitlin Shaw, Laine McCullough, Mary Hill, Ryan Chatelain, Salt Lake County Health Department, Salt Lake City, Utah; Alvin Shultz, Robert W. Pinner, Rainy Henry, Sonja Mali Nti-Berko, CDC; Elizabeth Daly, Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists. Weekly rates among unvaccinated adults and adults who received a primary COVID-19 vaccination series with a booster or additional dose peaked at 149.8 (January 8, 2022) and 11.7 (January 22, 2022), respectively. Cookies used to enable you to share pages and content that you find interesting on CDC.gov through third party social networking and other websites. CAS Efficacy and safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. A continuity correction has been applied to the denominators by capping the percent population vaccination coverage at 95% by assuming that at least 5% of each age group would always be unvaccinated in each jurisdiction. Mortal. Wkly. CDC. The difference between the two studies might be due to population characteristics and the timing of follow-up as ours went through May 31, 2022, while the Norwegian study ended in April 2022. Members receive almost all their medical care at KPNC-owned facilities, including clinics, hospitals, pharmacies, and laboratories. Razzaghi, H. et al. Morb. We ran separate models on the time periods associated with the Delta (7/01/2021 to 12/20/2021) and Omicron variants (12/21/2021 to 5/31/2022). CDC is not responsible for the content Other studies found similarly decreased proportions of severe outcomes among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 during this period (6).. "People who get vaccinated may be more cautious about COVID in general, or perhaps getting vaccinated makes them less cautious, or they may live in states with more/less COVID risk, etc," Jit said. Pregnant women were excluded because their reasons for hospital admission (4) might differ from those for nonpregnant persons. Officials have received a growing number of reports of XDR Shigella, which is highly transmissible and resistant to commonly recommended antibiotics, in adults. Cookies used to make website functionality more relevant to you. Just 28% of children in the age group - around 8 million . The code used to analyse the data is available on. Effect of COVID-19 Vaccination on the In-Hospital Prognosis of Patients The finding that maternal vaccination was less effective at protecting infants during the Omicron dominant period is also consistent with previous studies which have reported decreased effectiveness of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines during Omicron among children and adults14,20. In conclusion, in this population-based cohort study, we found that infants born to mothers who received at least two doses of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy were at lower risk of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 and were at lower risk of hospitalization during the first 6 months of life compared with infants whose mothers were unvaccinated during pregnancy. We also conducted analyses based on the trimester during which the vaccine was received during pregnancy (first, second, or third trimester). The objective of this study was to further evaluate the effectiveness of at least two doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy for preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants during the first 2, 4, and 6 months of life during the Delta and Omicron variant periods. Most mothers (66.14%) were between ages 25 and <35 years, and more than a quarter (27.27%) were of Asian race, 5.16% were Black, 24.44% were of Hispanic ethnicity and 37.57% were White. Among the infants in the cohort, 19,418 (64.06%) of the mothers were unvaccinated during pregnancy, 1138 (3.75%) of the mothers received one dose of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine and 9755 (32.18%) received 2 doses during pregnancy (Table1). and statistical significance was assessed at two-sided p0.05. However, protection estimates greater than 90% might be too high if individuals with a previous infection were more likely than those without one to come forward for a test for reasons other than suspicion of COVID-19. CDC Charts Show Hospitalization Rates for Unvaxxed, 2 Doses, 3 Doses Relative to the Delta-predominant period, a significantly shorter median length of hospital stay was observed during the Omicron-predominant period and smaller proportions of hospitalizations with intensive care unit admission, receipt of invasive mechanical ventilation, or in-hospital death. Vaccine effectiveness of cell-culture relative to egg-based inactivated influenza vaccine during the 2017-18 influenza season. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study that was conducted in Israel's second-largest . Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Waning 2-dose and 3-dose effectiveness of mRNA vaccines against COVID-19-associated emergency department and urgent care encounters and hospitalizations among adults during periods of delta and omicron variant predominanceVISION Network, 10 states, August 2021-January 2022. Foo, D., Sarna, M., Pereira, G., Moore, H. C. & Regan, A. K. Longitudinal, population-based cohort study of prenatal influenza vaccination and influenza infection in childhood. A study from the U.K. government, published last week, found that three doses of vaccine. Rates were highest among unvaccinated adults and lowest among those who had received a booster or additional dose. CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website. Estimated effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against omicron or delta symptomatic infection and severe outcomes. Hobbs, C. V. et al. 1CDC COVID-19 Emergency Response Team; 2General Dynamics Information Technology, Atlanta, Georgia; 3California Emerging Infections Program, Oakland, California; 4Career Epidemiology Field Officer Program, CDC; 5Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment; 6Connecticut Emerging Infections Program, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut; 7Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; 8Georgia Emerging Infections Program, Georgia Department of Public Health; 9Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia; 10Iowa Department of Public Health; 11Michigan Department of Health and Human Services; 12Minnesota Department of Health; 13New Mexico Emerging Infections Program, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico; 14New York State Department of Health; 15University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York; 16Ohio Department of Health; 17Public Health Division, Oregon Health Authority; 18Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; 19Utah Department of Health. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/bridged_race.htm, ** https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.08.27.21262356v1, On August 13, 2021, CDCs Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) issued the first of several recommendations for additional or booster doses of COVID-19 vaccine. The company also said full results of its 2,250-person study confirmed the pill's promising early results against the virus: The drug reduced combined hospitalizations and deaths by about 89. All adults should stay up to date with COVID-19 vaccination to reduce their risk for COVID-19associated hospitalization. Real-world data suggest lower COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against Omicron variants11,12,13,14. Egyptian hemodialysis patients' willingness to receive the COVID-19 These findings are consistent with estimates of booster effectiveness against symptomatic Omicron infection using healthcare ascertainment. Like all observational studies, our study results are susceptible to residual confounding. The remaining authors declare no competing interests. COVID-NET conducts population-based surveillance for laboratory-confirmed COVID-19associated hospitalizations in 99 counties across 14 states. COVID-19associated hospitalizations are those occurring among residents of a predefined surveillance catchment area who have a positive real-time reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or rapid antigen detection test result for SARS-CoV-2 during hospitalization or the 14 days preceding admission. Experts say they. ICU admission status was missing in 1.3% (weighted) of hospitalizations; these hospitalizations are included in other analyses. Correspondence to O.Z. Use of trade names and commercial sources is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Department of Dis. M.G. Implementing strategies that result in the equitable receipt of COVID-19 vaccinations among persons with disproportionately higher hospitalizations rates, including non-Hispanic Black adults, is an urgent public health priority. 9-14 As of October 2022, 68% of the US population has completed primary series vaccination. CAS CIDRAP - Center for Infectious Disease Research & Policy Nature. Among these infants, for our main analysis, we excluded 21,891 (35.2%) based on maternal exclusion criteria and 10,412 (16.8%) after applying infant exclusion criteria (Fig. COVID-19 hospitalization rates per 100,000 population by age and vaccination status, January 05 to February 01, 2023 Age group Age-specific rate per 100,000 among unvaccinated individuals Age-specific rate per 100,000 among those who received at least one booster dose Likelihood of unvaccinated individuals being hospitalized with COVID-19 hospitalizations look different in the Omicron wave, and Stay up to date with your COVID-19 vaccines. All adjustment variables were selected a priori based on prior work36. Google Scholar. Relative to the Delta-predominant period, the proportion of cases in non-Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islanders also increased, whereas the proportion in all other racial and ethnic groups decreased. Mortal. Vaccine 35, 58505857 (2017). To update your cookie settings, please visit the, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00462-7, Comparative analysis of the risks of hospitalisation and death associated with SARS-CoV-2 omicron (B.1.1.529) and delta (B.1.617.2) variants in England: a cohort study, https://www.who.int/news/item/26-11-2021-classification-of-omicron-(b.1.1.529)-sars-cov-2-variant-of-concern, https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/science/science-briefs/scientific-brief-omicron-variant.html, https://www.mrc-bsu.cam.ac.uk/now-casting/report-on-nowcasting-and-forecasting-9th-december-2021/, https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1050999/Technical-Briefing-35-28January2022.pdf, https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/en/publications/severity-of-omicron-variant-of-concern-and-vaccine-effectiveness-, https://www.imperial.ac.uk/mrc-global-infectious-disease-analysis/covid-19/report-50-severity-omicron/, https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.11.22269045, https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.12.22269179, https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.20.22269406, https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.12.22269148, https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1054071/vaccine-surveillance-report-week-6.pdf, https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/investigation-of-sars-cov-2-variants-routine-variant-data-update, https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-test-and-trace-statistics-england-methodology/nhs-test-and-trace-statistics-england-methodology, https://www.england.nhs.uk/contact-us/privacy-notice/national-flu-vaccination-programme/, https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/data-collections-and-data-sets/data-sets/emergency-care-data-set-ecds, https://digital.nhs.uk/services/secondary-uses-service-sus, https://www.england.nhs.uk/statistics/statistical-work-areas/covid-19-hospital-activity/, https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.08.13.21262014, View Large JAMA Netw. PubMed Central JAMA 326, 16291631 (2021). By submitting a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines. In King County, Wash., which includes Seattle, unvaccinated people were 13 times more likely to be hospitalized for coronavirus since December than people who were fully vaccinated. All rights Reserved. TN, NMF, SB, EV, SRS, DDA, and AMP developed the methodology. Finally, we conducted additional supplemental analyses to estimate VE among children whose mothers received at least one vaccine dose prior to pregnancy onset and at least one dose during pregnancy. Among 829 adults hospitalized during the Omicron-predominant period, 49.4% were unvaccinated, compared with 69.5% during the Delta-predominant period (p<0.01). Hospitalization of infants and children aged 0-4 years with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19COVID-NET, 14 states, March 2020-February 2022. B., Lewis. From this cohort, the study excluded the following infants born to (1) mothers who were not between ages 16 and 50 years at pregnancy onset; (2) mothers who did not have a primary KPNC facility assignment; (3) mothers who were not continuous KPNC members from December 15, 2020 until delivery; (4) mothers who had a positive nasal/throat swab for SARS-CoV-2 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) prior to pregnancy onset; (5) mothers who had a positive SARS-CoV-2 antibody test documented by KPNC prior to the onset of pregnancy; (6) mothers who received one or more doses of COVID-19 vaccine prior to pregnancy onset. The group raised concerns about a small number of Guillain-Barre syndrome cases in vaccine recipients and wanted more data, especially on efficacy in those at highest risk. Secondarily, we used a Test-Negative Design (TND), which is a case-control study, to compare the odds of vaccination among mothers of infants who tested positive vs. the odds of vaccination among mothers of infants who tested negative. Over the entire study period, the crude rate of hospitalization with a SARS-CoV-2 positive test was lower during the first 6 months of life among infants whose mothers received at least two doses . In all models, we used calendar days as the time scale to account for changes over time in SARS-CoV-2 circulation and vaccine uptake. (2021) Omicron is supercharging the COVID vaccine booster debate. To account for the correlation between infants with the same mother, we fit marginal Cox proportional hazards models using robust sandwich variance estimates. Data among adults over 50 showed that a booster shot gave even stronger protection. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. Adults who completed a primary vaccination series were persons who had received the second dose of a 2-dose COVID-19 vaccination series or a single dose of a 1-dose product 14 days before a positive SARS-CoV-2 test associated with their hospitalization but received no booster or additional dose. We used two different study designs: a primary design using a cohort analysis in which infants of vaccinated pregnant persons were compared with infants of unvaccinated pregnant persons. "The high hospitalization rates in unvaccinated compared with vaccinated persons with and without a booster dose underscores the importance of COVID-19 vaccinations in preventing hospitalizations and suggests that increasing vaccination coverage, including booster dose coverage, can prevent hospitalizations, serious illness, and death," the researchers wrote. The University of Minnesota is an equal opportunity educator and employer, Office of the Vice President for Research | Contact U of M | Privacy Policy, Mary Van Beusekom | News Writer | CIDRAP News, Two recent papers claim there are no differences between surgical masks and respirators for preventing the spread of respiratory diseases like COVID-19 and flu, but the articles.
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