Weve updated our privacy policy so that we are compliant with changing global privacy regulations and to provide you with insight into the limited ways in which we use your data. During her talk, Li will share personal and . We had, m n1 n2 2n1 N. So, ltmgt 2ltn1gt, ?m m - ltmgt (2n1 N) (2ltn1gt - N) 2(n1, (?m)2 4(?n1)2. It's FREE! Data presentation is an extension of data cleaning, as it involves arranging the data for easy analysis. Standard Error A fundamental goal of statistical analysis is to estimate a parameter of a population based on a sample The values of a specific variable from a sample are an estimate of the entire population of individuals who might have been eligible for the study. Winner of the Standing Ovation Award for Best PowerPoint Templates from Presentations Magazine. Click here to review the details. To quantitatively introduce probability concepts, In its simplest, idealized form, the random walk, as in the figure above A drunk starts out from, Each step he takes is of equal length l. The man, direction of each step (right or left) is, preceding step. REACH Resources | Informing more effective humanitarian action And, again, its all free. The function of statistics in research is to purpose as a tool in conniving research, analyzing its data and portrayal of conclusions there from. (n1 0?N) N!/(n1!n2! The dependent variable is always the property you are trying to explain; it is always the object of the research. Power is the ability of a study to avoid a Type II error. - Introduction to Hypothesis Testing Chapter 8 - Chapter Outcomes After studying the material in this chapter, you should be able to: Formulate null and alternative An Introduction to Statistical Problem Solving in Geography - 2nd Edition. Four hundred and twenty nine participants were selected randomly using stratified sampling followed by lottery method. ? Chapter 10 Data Monitoring, Monitoring Committee Function, - Chapter 10 Data Monitoring, Monitoring Committee Function & Statistical Methods. Test of Strength & Direction of Linear Relationship of 2 Quantitative Variables. Not applicable in categorical data Definition: Sum of all the values in a sample, divided by the number of values. Often presented graphically as a 2 X 2 Table, Chi-Squared (2) Test Chi-Squared (2) Formula Not applicable in small samples If fewer than 5 observations per cell, use Fishers exact test, Correlation Assesses the linear relationship between two variables Example: height and weight Strength of the association is described by a correlation coefficient- r r = 0 - .2 low, probably meaningless r = .2 - .4 low, possible importance r = .4 - .6moderate correlation r = .6 - .8 high correlation r = .8 - 1 very high correlation Can be positive or negative Pearsons, Spearman correlation coefficient Tells nothing about causation, Correlation Source: Harris and Taylor. allen s chapter 7 j&m s chapters 8 and 12. statistical methods. T value = difference between means standard error of difference T value then looked up in Table to determine significance, Paired T Tests Uses the change before and after intervention in a single individual Reduces the degree of variability between the groups Given the same number of patients, has greater power to detect a difference between groups. Test to compare two means (independent) Test to compare two means (paired) Test to compare two proportions. STATISTICAL PROCEDURES (Discriptive Statistics).pptx MuhammadNafees42 158 views Sampling design 6.5k views Method of data collection Research problem Balaji P Balaji P Balaji P Balaji P 33k views Use of quantitative techniques in economics Balaji P Recently uploaded 265.ppt sanjaykj6 Apple 2022-Q4 Income Statement chart.pdf BobKane13 You can read the details below. Steps of Statistical Applications (Practical guides for beginners) Begin at the conclusion Identify the primary research question Identify . sumber: Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials II Categorical Data - . Sample Mode Infrequently reported as a value in studies. Quantitative vs. Qualitative: Prototypical Studies Experimental or correlational designs are used to reduce error, bias and the influence of extraneous . Also called the error. 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Do not sell or share my personal information, 1. You can read the details below. When comparing two samples, we usually cannot be sure which is going to be be better. [A}?-wm}. descriptive statistics inferential statistics. Looks like youve clipped this slide to already. UCLA STAT 13. You might get some help from www.HelpWriting.net Success and best regards! Activate your 30 day free trialto unlock unlimited reading. Methods of Collecting Data biomedical Signal processing ???????? Systematic Random Sampling is a method of probability sampling in which the defined target population is ordered and the sample is selected according to position using a skip interval.. 2. gordon c. nagayama hall 355 straub phone: 346-4969 e-mail: gnhall@darkwing.uoregon.edu. Test to compare several means. Then you can share it with your target audience as well as PowerShow.coms millions of monthly visitors. 3. ADVANCED STATISTICAL METHODS IN AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH - . Mid-value in interquartile range. Sample Size Calculation Also called power analysis. roger l. bertholf, ph.d., dabcc associate, Statistical Methods - . Introduction to Statistical Computing in Clinical Research - Today. course overviewcourse objectivescourse details: AAEC 4302 STATISTICAL METHODS IN AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH - . Sample size for proportions Stata input: Mean 1 = .2, mean 2 = .3, = .05, power (1-) =.8. Slide 1. By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. Also called a error. Practical Statistics for Medical Research. 8p" O . R $ i4N5y } R $ `N%L B RX R $ M>3O'2 X R $ Free access to premium services like Tuneln, Mubi and more. ! " Practical Statistics for Medical Research, Correlation Correlation Coefficient .7 Correlation Coefficient -.5 Source: Altman. ? Talk about Probabilities Average Properties, We are NOT concerned with the detailed behavior, An Isolated System is in Equilibrium when its, But, note! CCPR offers "drop-in" statistical consulting services to meet short-term needs of CCPR affiliates. - Introduction to Statistics 1.1 An Overview of Statistics 1.2 Data Classification 1.3 Experimental Design * Larson/Farber 4th ed. Activate your 30 day free trialto unlock unlimited reading. 1994. page 99 63 Tips 6 (b) P-value vs. 95CI (4) Adapted from Armitage, P. and Berry, G. Statistical methods in medical research. Ist Yr MSc(N) We model patterns in the data in such a way to account for randomness and uncertainty in the observations, and then draw inferences about the process or population being studied. > g Statistical research is the rigorous development of improved or new statistical methods grounded in probability and statistical theory. Tap here to review the details. What is the mean displacement, ltxgt ltmgtl? 10. By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. The SlideShare family just got bigger. Clarification Standard Deviation measures the variability or spread of the data in an individual sample. A measure of the precision of a sample in estimating the population parameter. P Values The probability that any observation is due to chance alone assuming that the null hypothesis is true Typically, an estimate that has a p value of 0.05 or less is considered to be statistically significant or unlikely to occur due to chance alone. Boasting an impressive range of designs, they will support your presentations with inspiring background photos or videos that support your themes, set the right mood, enhance your credibility and inspire your audiences. al. Applications of Statistics in Research Bandit Thinkhamrop, Ph.D. (Statistics) Department of Biostatistics and Demography Faculty of Public Health Khon Kaen University. continuous data. Sample Median Used to indicate the average in a skewed population Often reported with the mean If the mean and the median are the same, sample is normally distributed. JMCON. @ n ? " Cathy Walker. or the 2nd Moment of P(u) about the mean. Do not sell or share my personal information, 1. Statistical Methods. dev. Activate your 30 day free trialto continue reading. - Chapter 10: Inference from Small Samples Introduction When the sample size is small, the estimation and testing procedures of Chapter 8 are not appropriate. Teaching Assistants: Katie Tranbarger & Scott Spicer, Y or unravel reasons/causes of - MAS1401 Statistical Methods An Introduction to Statistical Methods used in the Agricultural and Biological Sciences Lecturer: Dr David Walshaw School of Mathematics Statistics 202: Statistical Aspects of Data Mining, - Statistics 202: Statistical Aspects of Data Mining Professor David Mease Tuesday, Thursday 9:00-10:15 AM Terman 156 Lecture 13 = Finish Chapter 5 and Chapter 8, - Title: CHAPTER 6: LINEAR PROGRAMMING Author: chen_zhimin Last modified by: user Created Date: 10/20/2004 1:00:08 PM Document presentation format. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. In doing so, the statistician seeks to limit bias, maximize objectivity, and obtain results that are scientifically valid. The application of statistical methods extracts information from . Research Method.ppt 1 of 70 Research Method.ppt Feb. 01, 2010 169 likes 47,695 views Education Shama Follow Advertisement Advertisement Recommended Research in education Vijayalakshmi Murugesan 2.3k views 65 slides Research methodology Md Saifullah Khalid 7.1k views 32 slides Rm chapter 2 report cheppumol 535 views 10 slides For the, Again note that ltn1gt Np. Clinical Research Methods - . This analysis doesnt take into. For qualitative data, you can use methods such as thematic analysis to interpret patterns and meanings in the data. So, we need to divide the result by n1!n2! NOTE that lt(?u)2gt 0 if only if ui u for, It can easily be shown that, lt(?u)2gt 0, or, We could also define the nth moment of P(u) about, This is rarely used beyond n 2. Each step is of length, axis must be x ml where m a positive or a, Question After N steps, what is the probability. H H JFIF H H Adobe_CM Adobe d Learn more about our, I am looking for Editing/ Proofreading services for my manuscript, Role of Statistics in Biological Research, Types of Statistical Research Methods That Aid in Data Analysis, Use of Statistical Tools In Research and Data Analysis, publication-worthy figures, tables and charts. Types of Data Discrete Data-limited number of choices Binary: two choices (yes/no) Dead or alive Disease-free or not Categorical: more than two choices, not ordered Race Age group Ordinal: more than two choices, ordered Stages of a cancer Likert scale for response E.G. @ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [ \ ] ^ _ ` a b c d e f h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z { | } ~ Fn KT XAYM( JFIF f f Exif MM * b j( 1 r2 i f f Adobe Photoshop CS Macintosh 2008:11:28 11:45:55 &( . The scientific study of behavior and mental processes Philosophical Developments A Question Introduction%20linkage%20analysis,%20Genetic%20markers,%20mapping%20functions%20Lecture%203. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. Test to Compare Two Population Variances. 63^*6oFhdBXP6mkw P_(axEknr_F.VpH^oEB~,xF.Yxl8goKNst=vq~A($rVqg$rQ/$K7v-yG_I/G?WyOKTk3QyIYzp-V^XtwR>sgZa~'C]A|#Ho52;ndYF{Z'#*h 0t`s?gai4 VUsB9. Explanatory & Response Variable in Statistics A quick guide for early career researchers! Sample Size for Continuous Data Stata input: Mean 1 = 20, mean 2 = 30, = .05, power (1-) =.8, std. biostatistics 212 lecture 1. today. She is currently a Learning / Research Analyst, working in the Centre for Learning Environment and Assessment Development (CoLEAD) at Singapore Institute of Technology (SIT). }>@X'- (W? vORv[K? - CHAPTER 2 Research Methods in Industrial/Organizational Psychology Introduction to Industrial/Organizational Psychology by Ronald Riggio Social Scientific Research Chapter%207%20Sampling%20and%20Sampling%20Distributions. If two samples, is the same as the T test. Weve updated our privacy policy so that we are compliant with changing global privacy regulations and to provide you with insight into the limited ways in which we use your data. Even if its Macroscopic parameters, Section 1.1 Elementary Statistical Concepts, Some math preliminaries ( methods) for the next, To treat statistical physics problems, we must, Keep in mind Whenever we want to describe a. Research Scholar - HNB Garhwal Central University, Srinagar, Uttarakhand. Instant access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, podcasts and more. RESEARCH (PART 1 # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . / 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; = > ? By whitelisting SlideShare on your ad-blocker, you are supporting our community of content creators. PowerShow.com is a leading presentation sharing website. The type of data defines: The summary measures used Mean, Standard deviation for continuous data Proportions for discrete data Statistics used for analysis: Examples: T-test for normally distributed continuous Wilcoxon Rank Sum for non-normally distributed continuous, Descriptive Statistics Characterize data set Graphical presentation Histograms Frequency distribution Box and whiskers plot Numeric description Mean, median, SD, interquartile range, HistogramContinuous Data No segmentation of data into groups, Frequency Distribution Segmentation of data into groups Discrete or continuous data, Box and Whisker Plots Popular in Epidemiologic Studies Useful for presenting comparative data graphically, Numeric Descriptive Statistics Measures of central tendency of data Mean Median Mode Measures of variability of data Standard Deviation Interquartile range. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. So, the relative, ? u " +KRs8@f Pdk )px!` mC#07jd}c^ ! d d @ @@ `` H ( c 3rd edition. By whitelisting SlideShare on your ad-blocker, you are supporting our community of content creators. strongly agree, agree, neither agree or disagree, etc. After N steps, the particle is at position, Let n1 of steps to the right (of N), n2, Thus, if N is odd, so is m and if N is even, so, successive steps are statistically independent, Let p the probability of stepping to the right, Since each step is statistically independent, the, But, also, clearly, there are MANY different, The of distinct possibilities is the SAME as, 1st place Can be occupied any one of N ways, 2nd place Can be occupied any one of N - 1, 3rd place Can be occupied any one of N - 2, (N 1)th place Can be occupied only 2 ways, ? 4. Typically 0.05 is used, Errors Type II error Claiming there is no difference between two samples when in fact there is. The goal of statistics is to help researchers organize and interpret the data. Standard Error Standard error of the mean Standard deviation / square root of (sample size) (if sample greater than 60) Standard error of the proportion Square root of (proportion X 1 - proportion) / n) Important: dependent on sample size Larger the sample, the smaller the standard error. Click here to review the details. It appears that you have an ad-blocker running. By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. I can advise you this service - www.HelpWriting.net Bought essay here. Schedule Introduction Data Analysis--Introduction Data Collection Instruments Issues in Research Design Sample Size Sources of Error Example: A company advertises the net weight of its cereal is 24 ounces. Well convert it to an HTML5 slideshow that includes all the media types youve already added: audio, video, music, pictures, animations and transition effects. Chapter 1 Introduction. The aim of this study was to compare PPT and traditional lecture method in material understandability, effectiveness and attitude among university students. Usually used for 3 or more samples. Weve updated our privacy policy so that we are compliant with changing global privacy regulations and to provide you with insight into the limited ways in which we use your data. Practical Statistics for Medical Research, Correlation Correlation Coefficient .3 Correlation Coefficient 0 Source: Altman. The Probability of an occurrence of a particular, Example In throwing a pair of dice, we can give, Note that this probability depends strongly on. Sample size calculation yields the number of study subjects needed, given a certain desired power to detect a difference and a certain level of P value that will be considered significant. BIOS:6610 STATISTICAL METHODS IN CLINICAL TRIALS - . (3).pdf, Advanced Python Skills for Data Scientists, No public clipboards found for this slide, Enjoy access to millions of presentations, documents, ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and more. We've encountered a problem, please try again. The sample is chosen by selecting a random starting point and then picking every i th element in succession from the sampling frame. Much more useful than correlation Allows prediction of values of Y rather than just whether there is a relationship between two variable. P Values and Confidence Intervals P values provide less information than confidence intervals. Statistical Tests Parametric tests Continuous data normally distributed Non-parametric tests Continuous data not normally distributed Categorical or Ordinal data, Comparison of 2 Sample Means Students T test Assumes normally distributed continuous data. Large data sets (Corpora) of natural languages allow using statistical methods that were not possible before Brown Corpus includes about 1000000 words with POS Uploaded on Jan 02, 2020 Kimberly A Buchanan + Follow probabilities 5 chance estimating probabilities lexical categories large data sets flies 21 44 0 No problem. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS making, Statistical Methods - Prognostic factors of survival in a randomized phase iii trial (mpact) of weekly nab -paclitaxel. Spies M.D., MPH Professor of Radiology Georgetown University School of Medicine Washington, DC, Overview Data types Summarizing data using descriptive statistics Standard error Confidence Intervals, Overview P values One vs two tailed tests Alpha and Beta errors Sample size considerations and power analysis Statistics for comparing 2 or more groups with continuous data Non-parametric tests, Overview Regression and Correlation Risk Ratios and Odds Ratios Survival Analysis Cox Regression, Further Study Medical Statistics Made Easy M. Harris and G. Taylor Informa Healthcare UK Distributed in US by: Taylor and Francis 6000 Broken Sound Parkway, NW Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487 1-800-272-7737. Example: A relative risk of 4 might have a confidence interval of 1.05 to 9, suggesting that although the estimate is for a 400% increased risk, an increased risk of 5% to 900% is plausible. We've encountered a problem, please try again. Sometimes, u is called the 1st moment of P(u). Research Scholar at Indian Institute of Technology, Madras. Many studies are completed without proper estimate of appropriate study size. N atoms, each with magnetic moment . P Values and Confidence Intervals Confidence intervals provide a range of plausible values of the population mean For most tests, if the confidence interval includes 0, then it is not significant. A very large study might find that a difference of .1 on a VAS Scale of 0 to 10 is statistically significant but it may be of no clinical significance A large study might find many significant findings during multivariable analyses. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. When designing a study, one needs to determine how large a study is needed. Forget the drunk, lets get back to Physics! Brief description about Descriptive statistics for dummies with solved examples. Free access to premium services like Tuneln, Mubi and more. Activate your 30 day free trialto unlock unlimited reading. qlrFFQ~]$M\I%?TI%)345 NKaa#>:Gc All available places can be occupied in, Note However! large data, Statistical Methods - . Instant access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, podcasts and more. The independent variable usually occurs earlier in time than the dependent variables. Sample Size Calculation Depends on: Level of Type I error: 0.05 typical Level of Type II error: 0.20 typical One sided vs two sided: nearly always two Inherent variability of population Usually estimated from preliminary data The difference that would be meaningful between the two assessment arms. ? Statistical Methods in Clinical Research. A P value provides only a probability that estimate is due to chance A P value could be statistically significant but of limited clinical significance. Chapter 2 - Summary. Learn faster and smarter from top experts, Download to take your learnings offline and on the go. The P value used is an arbitrary value P value of 0.05 equals 1 in 20 chance P value of 0.01 equals 1 in 100 chance P value of 0.001 equals 1 in 1000 chance. cocke-kasami-younger parsing algorithm: Statistical methods in NLP - . > @=P p8L\ +Dt{?l$ 1 bv p> x]lepm BViXJC9%Q?GMjR"&O`}g1U.A4}0h)}k$BL/@Cx|v{dfvo~vS C a pT} m[;(u\M#w'l@)d^xp2-@Y]v`[^(Crm^N4' >N+:{j? 6}KyX By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. Do not sell or share my personal information, 1. Here, you can use descriptive statistics tools to summarize the data. Princy Francis M Two main statistical methods are used in data analysis: descriptive statistics, which summarizes data using indexes such as mean and median and another is inferential statistics, which draw conclusions from data using statistical tests such as student's t-test. p. The, the lamp post is at x 0. B^uuhm?}{].~}v_J;xogJY]@.)oqC? - STAT 13, UCLA, Ivo Dinov. You never know which directions study results will go. Introduction Observational Data Descriptive statistics involve summarizing a collection of data. If so, just upload it to PowerShow.com. Do you have PowerPoint slides to share? For routine medical research, use only two-sided tests. charles e. mcculloch division of biostatistics. Used with nominal data (better/ worse; dead/alive) If there is a substantial difference between observed and expected, then it is likely that the null hypothesis is rejected. Whatever your area of interest, here youll be able to find and view presentations youll love and possibly download. It is the middle value from an ordered listing of the values If an odd number of values, it is the middle value If even number of values, it is the average of the two middle values. Would need to do pair-wise tests. By whitelisting SlideShare on your ad-blocker, you are supporting our community of content creators. So the probability, which is probably the most elementary (discrete), As another example, suppose that p q , N, The Binomial Distribution is only one example of, Most of the following results are valid for ANY, Let u a variable which can take on any of M, with probabilities P(u1),P(u2),P(u3),..,P(uM-1),P, The Mean (average) value of u is defined as, S1 P(u1) P(u2) P(u3) .. P(uM-1) P(uM), For a properly normalized distribution, S1. The SlideShare family just got bigger. 3rd edition. Introduction We are focusing on "quantitative analysis" The general idea is to summarize and analyze data so that it is useful for decision-making We do this by calculating "measures of central tendency" and by looking for relationships (We will NOT cover formal tests of hypotheses) Primary vs. secondary data sources Data on uses Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. Statistical methods are essential for scientific research. (Ensemble the French word for assembly). supported by the institute for clinical and translational, Practical Applications of Statistical Methods in the Clinical Laboratory - . Can be ratio Ratio of the measures has meaning Weight, height, Types of Data Why important? Data Analysis and Presentation Describing and Presenting Data Three important criteriaaccuracy, conciseness, and understandability Researchers should always present their data in ways that most accurately represent the data Numerical data can be classified as numerical (example: percentages, (means) or graphical (graphs) method) Statistics Three areas: 1) Descriptive - central tendency . Most research studies result in a extensive. Weve updated our privacy policy so that we are compliant with changing global privacy regulations and to provide you with insight into the limited ways in which we use your data. Rex Book Store ; Assessment of Learning I and II by Dr. Rosita De Guzman-Santos, LORIMAR Publishing, 2007 Ed.
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